空间的智能利用

David KirshDept. of Cognitive ScienceUniv. California, San DiegoLa Jolla, CA 92093-0515+1 858 534-3819

David KirshDept of Cognitive ScienceUniv. California, San DiegoLa Jolla, CA 92093-0515+1 858 534-3819

kirsh@ucsd.edu

kirsh@ucsd.edu

The objective of this essay is to provide the beginning of a principled classification of some of the ways space is intelligently used. Studies of planning have typically focused on the temporal ordering of action, leaving as unaddressed questions of where to lay down instruments, ingredients, work-in-progress, and the like. But, in having a body, we are spatially located creatures: we must always be facing some direction, have only certain objects in view, be within reach of certain others. How we manage the spatial arrangement of items around us is not an afterthought: it is an integral part of the way we think, plan, and behave. The proposed classification has three main categories: spatial arrangements that simplify choice; spatial arrangements that simplify perception; and spatial dynamics that simplify internal computation. The data for such a classification is drawn from videos of cooking, assembly and packing, everyday observations in supermarkets, workshops and playrooms, and experimental studies of subjects playing Tetris, the computer game. This study, therefore, focuses on interactive processes in the medium and short term: on how agents set up their workplace for particular tasks, and how they continuously manage that workplace.

这篇文章的目的是提供一个原则性的分类的开端，即空间被明智地使用的一些方式。对计划的研究通常集中在行动的时间顺序上，而对在哪里放置工具、成分、正在进行的工作等问题则没有涉及。但是，在拥有身体的情况下，我们是空间定位的生物：我们必须始终面向某个方向，只看到某些物体，在某些其他物体的范围之内。我们如何管理我们周围物品的空间安排不是事后的想法：它是我们思考、计划和行为方式的一个组成部分。拟议的分类有三个主要类别：简化选择的空间安排；简化感知的空间安排；以及简化内部计算的空间动态。这种分类的数据来自烹饪...