sqflite_android: Android implementation of sqflite

sqflite_android is the endorsed Android implementation of the sqflite federated plugin. Adding sqflite to a Flutter app pulls it in automatically (default_package: sqflite_android); its SqfliteAndroid.registerWith() installs the method channel DatabaseFactory as databaseFactory before main() runs. It uses the SQLite shipped with the Android OS (android.database.sqlite), so the SQLite version depends on the device.

# pubspec.yaml (normal case): nothing Android specific
dependencies:
  sqflite:

Guidelines

• Add sqflite_android explicitly only when the app does not depend on sqflite (for example it codes against package:sqflite_common and ships Android only). Then use databaseFactory / openDatabase from package:sqflite_common/sqflite.dart; no call is needed, registration is automatic. Android-only helpers such as androidSetLocale live in package:sqflite/sqflite.dart, not here.
• Requirements: minSdk 19, Java 17, Flutter >= 3.44 / Dart >= 3.12 (2.4.3 uses the Kotlin built into the Flutter Gradle plugin, AGP 9). If the build fails with androidJdkImage or AGP errors, update the app's Gradle wrapper and com.android.application plugin versions.
• getDatabasesPath() returns data/data/<package>/databases; the plugin creates the parent directory of the path on open. A relative path is resolved there.
• SQL runs on a dedicated background worker thread (default Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_DEFAULT); calls are serialized per database.
• WAL is disabled by default. Enable it globally with <meta-data android:name="com.tekartik.sqflite.wal_enabled" android:value="true"/> inside <application> in android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml, or per open with db.setJournalMode('WAL') in onConfigure (that extension falls back to rawQuery because execute('PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL') fails on Android when the manifest flag is not set).
• readOnly: true opens with SQLiteDatabase.OPEN_READONLY and a no-op corruption handler, so a corrupt or non-SQLite file is left intact and the first access fails. A read-write open uses Android's default handler which deletes a corrupt file.
• db.androidSetLocale('fr-FR') (extension SqfliteDatabaseAndroidExt in package:sqflite/sqflite.dart) sets the locale for ORDER BY name COLLATE LOCALIZED; call it in onConfigure at every open.
• Arguments are bound as strings; SELECT ?1 returns '3' for [3], comparisons and arithmetic still work.
• A single row must fit in the CursorWindow (about 1 MB): SQLiteBlobTooBigException / Row too big to fit into CursorWindow means a blob should live in a file. java.lang.OutOfMemoryError on writes: split into smaller transactions (for example 1000 operations each); reading: limit columns and rows.
• Inspect a device database from Android Studio: Device File Explorer, data/data/<package>/databases, Save As.
• DatabaseException.getResultCode() returns the extended SQLite code on Android (for example 2067 for a UNIQUE constraint), the primary code on iOS; handle both.
• MissingPluginException only in Android release mode: remove the shrinkResources true and minifyEnabled true lines from the app build.gradle.

Examples

Android-only app on the pure Dart API

dependencies:
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter
  sqflite_common:
  sqflite_android:

import 'package:path/path.dart';
import 'package:sqflite_common/sqflite.dart';

Future<Database> openAppDb() async {
  // databaseFactory was registered by SqfliteAndroid.registerWith().
  final path = join(await getDatabasesPath(), 'app.db');
  return openDatabase(
    path,
    version: 1,
    onConfigure: (db) => db.setJournalMode('WAL'),
    onCreate: (db, _) =>
        db.execute('CREATE TABLE Item (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)'),
  );
}

Enabling WAL in the manifest

<application ...>
  <meta-data
      android:name="com.tekartik.sqflite.wal_enabled"
      android:value="true" />
</application>

Localized sort (needs package:sqflite)

import 'package:sqflite/sqflite.dart';

Future<List<Map<String, Object?>>> sortedNames(String path) async {
  final db = await openDatabase(
    path,
    version: 1,
    onConfigure: (db) => db.androidSetLocale('zh-CN'),
    onCreate: (db, _) => db.execute('CREATE TABLE Test(name TEXT)'),
  );
  return db.query('Test', orderBy: 'name COLLATE LOCALIZED ASC');
}

Common mistakes

• Adding both sqflite and sqflite_android to pubspec.yaml: harmless but redundant, sqflite already depends on it.
• Calling execute('PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL') and getting an error: use setJournalMode('WAL') or the manifest meta-data.
• Storing images or files as blobs and hitting the cursor window limit.
• Expecting JSON1 / UPSERT / RETURNING on old Android versions; check SELECT sqlite_version() or use sqflite_common_ffi for a bundled SQLite.

More

App-level API: the sqflite package skills (sqflite-open-database, sqflite-crud-and-transactions, sqflite-testing-and-platforms). Other implementation: sqflite_darwin. Interface: sqflite_platform_interface.